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传阅:近代中国与白银资本:币制改革如何影响历史?

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美洲白银对明清经济的影响

中国历代的白银产量,大都不够民间的需求。明代中后期张居正推动一条鞭法,在税制上最大的变革,就是用银缴税。明代工商业发达后,民间对白银的需求增加,西班牙与葡萄牙商人,从拉丁美洲运来大量的白银,日本也出口不少白银到中国。这些在明代中后叶输入的大量白银,一方面繁荣了工商业,另一方面让用银缴税成为可能。但在17世纪40年代左右,进口的白银数量逐渐减少。有人从货币数量说的观点,认为这可能导致明代的亡国、压抑清初的经济繁荣。外国白银供应量的高低,和明清经济的起伏,有这么直接的因果吗?

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