传阅:十一世纪初的天书封禅运动
葛剑雄
一
战国时齐、鲁一带的儒生和方士认为,天下最重要的大山有五座,称为五岳,其中又以泰山为最高,居五岳之首。泰山最高,自然离天最近,所以帝王应该登泰山之颠,筑坛祭天,称为“封”;在山南的梁父山辟场地祭地,称为“禅”;合称“封禅”。为了给自己的主张制造历史根据,他们编造了一套上古三王五帝、尧舜禹都曾封禅的传说,据说孔子也承认“封泰山禅乎梁父者七十余王”,但他认为从西周以后却还没有一位君主有这样的资格。
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葛剑雄
一
战国时齐、鲁一带的儒生和方士认为,天下最重要的大山有五座,称为五岳,其中又以泰山为最高,居五岳之首。泰山最高,自然离天最近,所以帝王应该登泰山之颠,筑坛祭天,称为“封”;在山南的梁父山辟场地祭地,称为“禅”;合称“封禅”。为了给自己的主张制造历史根据,他们编造了一套上古三王五帝、尧舜禹都曾封禅的传说,据说孔子也承认“封泰山禅乎梁父者七十余王”,但他认为从西周以后却还没有一位君主有这样的资格。
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