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Archive for April 20th, 2017

20 April
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传阅:同盟的裂缝

朝鲜战争期间中朝高层的矛盾、分歧
沈志华

作为20世纪国际关系中对峙和冲突的一种特定形式,“冷战”至少具有两个学术界普遍认可的特征:其一是具备浓厚的意识形态背景,即对立双方都把自身的制度和价值取向作为一面旗帜,强调对方存在的非正义性,尽管意识形态本身未必就是他们各自对外政策的终极目标;其二是表现为明显的全面同盟形式,即对立双方都是以形成某种政治、军事的国际集团方式参与冷战的,而美国和苏联则分别成为这两大阵营的首领。亚洲的冷战同样具有这两个特征,这在朝鲜战争中体现得尤为突出。

关于意识形态在冷战中的作用和地位,是国际历史学界长期讨论的题目之一,至于对冷战(特别是亚洲冷战)中社会主义阵营内部关系的研究,学者们讨论较多的是大国之间的关系,如中苏关系,而对于大国与小国之间关系的发展变化,则相对较少专门的研究。本文选择的研究对象是朝鲜战争期间中国与朝鲜的关系,作为亚洲冷战中社会主义阵营内部大国与小国的关系,这一案例无疑具有典型意义。 Read more…